Castration
What if my llama is past puberty — will castration still help him (and me)?
You bet it will. It will just take longer for the changes to take place, and some of his habits will be permanently ingrained (such as the desire to breed females, immature llamas, and other smaller, vulnerable species such as, but not limited to, sheep and goats). However, we have yet to see any llama who did not improve substantially after castration — including males as old as 17 years who had previously been used extensively for breeding.
Sexually mature llamas may show positive changes as early as two weeks after castration, but most show a gradual decline in stud behaviors around four to six months after the procedure. After two years, any behavioral changes that result from castration are complete in all llamas.