Problematic behavior in llamas
and misdirected territorial aggression
Prevention
Don't breed from aggressive llamas — male or female
Diminish inherited territorial instincts through responsible breeding choices
Select away from guarding instincts and tendencies unless specifically breeding llamas that will only be placed as livestock guarding llamas
Raise young males and geldings with one or more healthy, assertive adult geldings who will teach them manners; keep all young intact males within the territory of an established male
Do not breed males before they have had ample time to learn to control their hormones and impulses (age 4-5 years minimum; 6 or older is better) — remember that a male's value as an individual (and thus a potential breeder) cannot truly be confirmed before this time anyway.
Avoid keeping geldings with females (which encourages geldings' territorial and possessive impulses); never keep geldings with females if the geldings show sexual interest or have had sexual experience; NEVER keep ANY late geldings (males castrated after 15 months) with females, period.
Promptly castrate all young males that challenge adult llamas or who show unusual or excessive fear, aggression, or territoriality.
Learn the rules for handling young llamas correctly before you get them and definitely before you even consider breeding llamas.